Participatory sketching Participatory sketching is a method of collective drawing employed to obtain enriched narratives Participants are divided into subgroups that jointly draw a sketch that describes what they envision as good practice or an ideal model in a physical space It is mainly used when visual aids are required to identify positively deviant practices Sketches are then shared and discussed with the entire group This study used PD to inform the design of an anti triatomine prototype house by identifying knowledge attitudes and practices used by families that have remained triatomine free In this study participants were divided into subgroups to jointly draw a sketch describing what they envision as a healthy environment at home in intra and peridomestic areas Sketches were then presented to the entire group Positive deviance study to inform a Chagas disease control program in southern Ecuador https www scielo br j mioc a qMBfF39f568Wm8gyB3YJmbH abstract lang en Check this guide on how to do community mapping https web archive org web 20160415103218 http www positivedeviance org about pd Mappingweb pdf Photo elicitation Photo elicitation is a method used in visual anthropology that introduces pictures to elicit comments Pictures taken during the interviews with positive deviants are presented to focus groups and participants are asked to reflect on the captured practices and solutions Community mapping Community mapping describes a process where the community gets together to map their own assets values beliefs spatial units of interest or any other self selected variable This method is about mapping by the community for the community using relatively informal processes Community mapping has been used to identify positively deviant households the location of a community s resources and infrastructures or where the most vulnerable families in a community live The method can also be used to better understand and identify spatial factors contributing to the observed deviance Data driven participatory approaches These include methods that engage community members in interpreting the data that were collected about them in Stage 2 to encourage dialogue and debate around the challenges they face and possible means to address them This shifts community members from a passive role of producers of data to an active role of investigators During the PD inquiry stage focus on what positive deviants do and also on how and why they do it Interview potential positive deviants as well as others around them anyone who might have an influence on the deviance community members family members community leaders Usually interviews and focus group discussions are conducted in parallel The themes uncovered in the focus groups can then help orient the interviews Focus groups and participatory activities should include between 6 and 10 people as smaller groups may limit the amount of information collected and more may make it difficult for all participants to participate and interact Bigger groups will also make it harder for the interviewer facilitator to make sense of the information gathered Focus groups are better suited when you have limited resources time manpower money Greater insights might be developed from the group dynamics and the phenomena being researched requires a collective discussion in order to understand the circumstances behaviors or opinions General tips for qualitative methods A few examples of such methods are provided in this resource https medium com data empowerment three examples of data empowerment 5f3e964ffbdc 87 88

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